Doctoral student
Institute of history of St. Petersburg State University
Mendeleevskaya ln 5, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
Tel.: +7(812) 328–94–47
E-mail: [email protected]
DOI 10.31168/2658–3356.2022.7
Abstract. This article examines the history and ethnography of the Russian Judaizer communities that lived on the right bank of the Laba River in Kuban region settlements during the second half of the nineteenth century. Drawing on the concept of “communitas” that W. Turner uses to describe this transition period’s communities, I argue that Russian Subbotniks formed a marginal group located between Russian and Jewish culture. The original communities of Russian peasants, who began to practice religion in accordance with Scripture, were in a state of slow change from one structure to another. This article provides a history of the appearance of representatives of the movement in the region and analyzes the territorial and estate transition to the Cossack estate. The attitude of the regional authorities to religious dissent is evaluated as neutral. The division of the Judaizing movement into Hers and Karaites is characterized as the completion of the transition of Russian peasants, who first borrowed the terminology of the division of the Jewish religion, then adopted and integrated into this structure. The historical picture is complemented by ethnographic descriptions of the house structure and the life cycle rituals of Subbotniks.
Keywords: Russian judaizers, subbotniks, proselytism, Kuban Cossacks, transitional group, religious dissidents
References
Burykina, L. V., 2006, Rasshirenie voenno-kazach’ei kolonizatsii na Kavkazskoi linii v 90-e g. 18–60-e g. 19 v. [Expansion of military Cossack colonization on the Caucasian line in the 90s of the 18th – 60s of the 19th century].
Khizhaia, T. I., 2017, Kontakty i konflikty: k voprosu o vzaimootnosheniiakh russkikh iudeistvuiushchikh i evreev v 19 – nachale 20 v. [Contacts and conflicts: on the relationship between Russian Judaizers and Jews from the 19th to the early 20th centuries].
Kriukov, A. V., 2019, Religioznoe inakomyslie v zone frontira: puti i sposoby rasprostraneniia (na primere Kubanskoi oblasti i Chernomorskoi gubernii v dosovetskii period) [Religious dissent in the frontier zone: ways and means of dissemination (the Kuban Region and the Black Sea province in the pre-soviet period as a case study)].
L’vov, A. L., 2002, Gery i subbotniki – “talmudisty” i “karaimy” [Heres and subbotniks – “Talmudists” and “Karaites”].
L’vov, A. L., 2011, Sokha i Piatiknizhie: Russkie iudeistvuiushchie kak tekstual’noe soobshchestvo [Sokha and the Pentateuch: Russian Judaizers as a Textual Community]. St. Petersburg, Izdatel’stvo Evropeiskogo universiteta v Sankt-Peterburge, 328.
Mishustina, E. L., 2008, Sekta subbotnikov (iudeistvuiushchikh) na Kavkaze v 19 veke [The sect of subbotniks (Judaizers) in the Caucasus in the 19th century].
Norkina, E. S., 2017, Zhizn’ po sosedstvu: kazaki i evrei v Kubanskoi oblasti: vtoraia polovina 19 – nachalo 20 vv. [Life in the neighborhood: cossacks and jews in Kuban Region (during the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century)].
Simonova, A., 1996, Gery i subbotniki Kubani v opisanii anonimnogo rostovskogo sionista (osen’ 1917 g.) [Heres and subbotniks of the Kuban in the description of an anonymous Rostov Zionist (autumn 1917)]. Ve
Как мало прожито, как много пережито: харбинский период жизни семьи Фризер
УДК 929.52+325.2
Ирена Владимирски